List of Character Manipulation Subroutines

General Programming Concepts: Writing and Debugging Programs

List of Character Manipulation Subroutines

The character manipulation functions and macros test and translate ASCII characters.

These functions and macros are of three kinds:

Character testing
Character translation
Miscellaneous character manipulation

The "Programming Example for Manipulating Characters" illustrates some of the character manipulation routines.

Character Testing

Use the following functions and macros to determine character type. Punctuation, alphabetic, and case-querying functions values depend on the current collation table.

The ctype subroutines contain the following functions:

isalpha	Is character alphabetic?
isalnum	Is character alphanumeric?
isupper	Is character uppercase?
islower	Is character lowercase?
isdigit	Is character a digit?
isxdigit	Is character a hex digit?
isspace	Is character a blank-space character?
ispunct	Is character a punctuation character?
isprint	Is character a printing character, including space?
isgraph	Is character a printing character, excluding space?
iscntrl	Is character a control character?
isascii	Is character an integer ASCII character?

Character Translation

The conv subroutines contain the following functions:

toupper	Converts a lowercase letter to uppercase
_toupper	(Macro) Converts a lowercase letter to uppercase
tolower	Converts an uppercase letter to lowercase
_tolower	(Macro) Converts an uppercase letter to lowercase
toascii	Converts an integer to an ASCII character

Miscellaneous Character Manipulation

getc, fgetc, getchar, getw	Get a character or word from an input stream
putc, putchar, fputc, putw	Write a character or word to a stream

Related Information

National Language Support Overview for Programming

Programming Example for Manipulating Characters

Subroutines Overview